Core Decision · 29 September 2026

What did the Commission find?

The published decision is redacted, but it provides a clear high-level finding for Charges 1–4 and their sub-charges.

The Commission's numbering is not a numbered list of 115 charges. It uses Charges 1–4, with Charges 1 and 4 divided into sub-charges.

Charge 1A

Sponsorship arrangements and accurate accounts

Proven

The Commission found the relevant Abu Dhabi sponsorship arrangements were sham arrangements, or alternatively differed in economic substance from their legal form; the club's reported revenue was substantially overstated and the accounts did not give a true and fair view.

Published Core Decision pages 30, 31.

Charge 1B

Remuneration-related arrangements

Proven

The Commission found remuneration-related arrangements caused club liabilities/expenses not to be fully reflected in the relevant accounts or contracts. Some details are redacted in the published Core Decision.

Published Core Decision pages 31, 32, 33, 34.

Charge 1C

Fordham image-rights arrangement

Proven

The Commission found the Fordham arrangements were sham arrangements, or alternatively differed in economic substance from their legal form, resulting in overstated operating income and understated operating expenses.

Published Core Decision pages 34, 35.

Charge 1D

Related-party disclosures

Proven

The Commission found the relevant sponsorship agreements were related-party transactions and the required disclosures were not made.

Published Core Decision pages 35, 36.

Charge 2

UEFA Club Licensing and Financial Fair Play Regulations

Proven

The Commission found that, when the relevant accounts were restated, the club failed the UEFA break-even requirement by a very substantial amount in every season covered by Charge 2.

Published Core Decision pages 36, 37.

Charge 3

Premier League Profitability and Sustainability Rules

Proven

The Commission found that, when the relevant accounts were restated, the club failed the Premier League PSR requirements by a very substantial amount in every season covered by Charge 3.

Published Core Decision pages 37, 38.

Charge 4A

Investigation co-operation — group A

Partially proven

The Commission found breaches in the majority of the respects alleged in Charge 4(A).

Published Core Decision pages 38.

Charge 4B

Investigation co-operation — group B

Not proven

The Commission did not find the alleged co-operation breaches in Charge 4(B).

Published Core Decision pages 38.

Charge 4C

Investigation co-operation — group C

Proven

The Commission found all of the respects alleged in Charge 4(C) proven.

Published Core Decision pages 38.

Charge 4D

Investigation co-operation — group D

Proven

The Commission found the respect alleged in Charge 4(D) proven.

Published Core Decision pages 38.